Array Data Structure Tutorial - Interactive Learning
Arrays - DSA Learning Platform 📊 Arrays - Linear Data Structure Master array operations with interactive tutorials, memory visualization and examples 📚 Interactive Tutorial Learn arrays step-by-step with hands-on examples Step 1: Understanding Contiguous Memory An array stores elements in contiguous (adjacent) memory locations. If first element is at address 0x1000, the next is at 0x1004 (for 4-byte integers). Base Address: Starting memory location Element Size: Bytes per element (4 for int) Sequential: Elements stored one after another See Memory Layout → Step 2: Why is Access O(1)? The address formula makes any element instantly accessible: address = base_address + (index × element_size) No matter the array size, this calculation takes constant time! Watch Address Calculation → Step 3: Linear Search O(n) Without sorting, we must check elements one by one. In worst case, we check all n elements. Watch Linear Search → Step 4: Insert & Delete = Shifting To maintain contiguous memory, inserting/deleting requires shifting elements. This is O(n) because we may shift all elements. See Element Shifting → 💡 Learning Examples 🔍 Find Maximum Traverse the array and track the largest element found. Run Example 🔄 Reverse Array Reverse array in-place using two-pointer technique. Run Example 🗑️ Remove Duplicates Remove duplicates from a sorted array in-place. Run Example ↻ Rotate Array Rotate array elements to the right by k positions. Run Example ⚙️ Operations 📝 Initialize Array Create Array 📍 Access Element (O(1)) Access by Index 🔍 Search Element (O(n)) Linear Search 📥 Insert Element (O(n)) Insert at Index 🗑️ Delete Element (O(n)) Delete at Index 🎬 Animations ▶ Traverse All 🔄 Reverse 🗑️ Clear All ⚡ Quick Actions Load Sample Array 💡 Key Insight Arrays use contiguous memory, enabling O(1) access via address calculation. Trade-off: insert/delete require shifting. 🔍 Array Visualization 📍 Base Address: 0x1000 | Size: 0 | Element Size: 4 bytes Elements stored in contiguous memory locations Address Calculation: 📋 Status: Initialize an array to see memory layout and perform operations! Access O(1) Search O(n) Insert O(n) Delete O(n) Append O(1)* 📍 Memory Layout (Contiguous) Address Value Index No array initialized 🌍 Real-World Applications: Image Processing: Pixels stored as 2D arrays Database Tables: Rows stored in array-like structures Game Development: Grid-based games, inventory systems Music/Video: Audio samples, video frames Statistics: Data analysis, storing measurements ⚠️ Common Mistakes to Avoid: Index Out of Bounds: Accessing array[n] when valid indices are 0 to n-1 Not Checking Empty: Operating on empty arrays without validation Forgetting to Shift: When inserting/deleting, elements must be shifted Memory Waste: Allocating too much space for dynamic arrays Off-by-one errors: Loops should typically be i < length, not i index; i--) { arr[i] = arr[i - 1]; } arr[index] = value; (*size)++; } // Delete element at index - O(n) void deleteAt(in...
Subject: Data Structures with Animation | Chapter: Learn Arrays in DSA